This transcript is auto-generated and may contain errors.
0:21 All right, both say good morning. Good morning. Let us begin begin by thanking all of our sponsors for this morning's shar to thank our sponsors for the month of Shi for dedicating all the shimmers this month in memory of Rafal Beni sponsors for today and Sarah Steinberg 0:43 and the of continued health for and for an ultimate shim and hindi as a formuli's father Morai Ben Kava who underwent surgery yesterday and Barashem is recovering. 1:01 This peric is especially meaningful as it is is the peric he knows best after more than 50 years as a may the learning be for a complete say with that let us begin we are picking up on today's 43 and we are picking up on me on 42B and we left off with Chevis 1:27 which is 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 about 15 lines up from the bottom. Also tremendous the participants in the and for giving last night for the last two nights before last night. Stay tuned next week. I hear we have Dr. Josh Rosenloom on tap for next week. Excited about that. It's beautiful 1:53 way again. It's a nice that's there. a beautiful way to for a couple of minutes each evening and of course to hang out with some beautiful both you get two things you get the Torah you get the companionship the friendship incredible remember again in yesterday's we spoke about the idea that there are 18 traphus 18 types of traus 18 different conditions in an animal which render it 2:16 a tra lists those 18 and it turns out that those 18 are the then asked but one only 18. What about basar which was an ammonic four another four and of course the chevah saw these additional seven which we have not seen yet which we're going to see now what about those so the said remember according to our Mishna that's not a problem why is it not a problem 2:41 because our Mishna used the lion of this is the rule and whenever you see of that always comes to include something else not a problem the problem was according to Tishmo so we did so we did because seemed to be explicit it that there's only 18 and no more. So we did a lot of interesting maneuvering yesterday in yesterday's d to kind of take certain things out from the Mishna's list and replace them with 3:06 everything. So we took care yes and yes but by the end of yesterday we took care of basar those additional four we found a way to kind of fit them in what about the additional seven what about the additional seven rulings again now we're going to go through them if you have an animal where the ball of the thigh bone pops out of the socket 3:31 that makes it a okay If an animal has a has a disease or sickness, an illness in one of the kidneys that makes it a traifle was removed ultimately again if the spleen is removed the animal is a tra the excuse me the animal is kasher said the name of when is that 4:06 That's only if it was totally removed. But all this is actually very interesting. If the spleen was removed, the animal is kasher. If the spleen was perforated ultimately again the animal is a tra it's quite fascinating say these are all these the additional rulings. 4:31 If you have the again remember the refers to the that if they were now literally means like detached. We'll get into a little bit more exactly what that means. But if they were detached along the majority, it's a tra if ultimately again if the rib is detached from its base the animal 5:00 and if you have a skull that was crushed the majority of it was crushed or again you have the flesh that covers the car. Remember caris is one of the stomachs of the animal that was perforated that right that has something our longest majority is a traa point is what do you see from here these represent the additional seven forms of 5:25 traa so once again we're dealing with a very simple question said 18 and no more but again clearly there are more so what do we do with this does something very interesting says This is very interesting. If you look in the 18 list of the 18, fascinatingly enough, so eight of them fall into the category of perforations. Perforations. 5:52 So we could actually collapse all of those into one category. You can make that the category of perforations. So you could collapse, it's very interesting, you could collapse eight into one. You see what is doing over here? As opposed to let's say going ahead and listing every single trade file perhaps what we could do is categorically we could group them and we could kind and that gives them that groups them all under one umbrella. So we could take all of the trade files 6:16 which are all related to perforations of different things and collapse that into one category of perforations and then that frees up seven spots. Beautiful. Once you free up seven spots we have something exactly to fill it with the Chevis. So are the seven rulings we just mentioned. So the says take out seven put seven in if that's 6:39 the case. So then we have two cases of severed items. So that why don't you collapse those into one category as well? And the says here's the problem. Now what's the say if you take the two cases ultimately again of detached items if you take those and collapse them into one case. Now what what's the problem? We're down one. 7:01 We're in up to 16. Sorry, up to 17. Furthermore, again, the case of the name of is also a case of perforation that was the case of where the spleen is perforated. So the Gimar says that's also a perforation case again and that was that's ultimately again that was one of the chev that was one of the seven topim 43a. 7:29 Okay. So rather the two that we removed originally don't remove them. Don't remove them. Say which one was that? Those are actually two in yesterday's D that we saw. Rashi points out that's the animal that got that had its leg severed above the joint. And gluda gluda is the animal that was flayed. So don't take those two out. Okay? And if you don't take those two out that 7:51 restores it back to 18 tas okay say. So now at this point in time what we have done is we've established we've established the lists according to our Mishna and our Mishna is easiest right because our Mishna even though the Mishna lists 18 traas we're not bound by 18 because of zakal but according to who is bound by the number 18 we've seen how with a good deal of 8:16 maneuvering we are able to go ahead and reach that number incredible okay let's go back to says as follows There are eight different types of traus. Eight different really eight different types of categories that were said to Moshabenui. 8:33 What were the eight categories? Nikuva. Makua like literally means like perforated detached nut removed deficient. Kurua torna drusa usually drusa is often translated as like clawed but drusa means when the animal is injured by another animal. 8:54 It falls down like that was the case of uh the cow falling off the roof and broken right case of the bones are broken. So I'll say so the I just want to point out over here this is a different way of keeping track of all the traas. So instead of like what our Mishna did going through actual like each type of actual traa condition here what we've done is we've grouped them 9:17 into categories. Okay. So the Gimar says what does this come to exclude? This comes ultimately again to exclude the case of Lusa literally means diseased to to exclude the diseased case of Rakkesh Barapa. What was the what was the case of Rashi says like in the short lines about 9:42 I don't know 20 lines in So this was the case of the diseased kidney. This is one of the so we can extract that case because if you notice diseased is not one of the categories. So that would exclude the case of the diseased of the diseased um of the diseased kidney. Thank you. Rashi says very good. Fine. So says as follows 10:14 as follows there are eight different categories that fall under this umbrella of perforated maybe you'll say ultimately again really says ultimately again in the case of the in the case of the gallbladder that ultimately again had a different list 10:37 because we learn in riso nikv If the stomach was perforated, you're going to remember ka is right now for our purposes right now. We're just going to refer to all the stomachs of the animal as stomachs. Again, obviously we'll get a little bit more into it and we will discuss the distinctions between them. So, so if the stomach is perforated, if the intestines are perforated, the 11:02 animal is a tram. Even if the gallbladder, even if the gallbladder was perforated, that ultimately again also makes the animal a tra gives an over here. So this will say this was like a pneummonic to remember all of the following it will say by the way if you notice I don't know that we've ever seen so many pneumonics within such a short 11:33 amount of time right which is very interesting but it makes a lot of sense why because we are are dealing with a voluminous amount of information right remember again we we've got at least 18 traphus going on over here but it's not really 18 it's quite possible that it's 18 + 4 + 4 + 7 I don't You'll do the math. Right. Right. So, so in other words, we've got we've got so because we 11:56 have this and and obviously the list keeps growing. List keeps growing. So, it is interesting keeps bringing up these different memory mechanisms. Okay, let's go through this list. Ultimately follows. So again remember just said above that that if the gallbladder is perforated so that is a that is a tra. Okay. So now 12:27 says that follows that follows my now say so obviously this is a point of contention. If the gallbladder was perforated, does that make a does that make the animal a trad says yes says what did but obviously his friends disagree with him. So what did how did his friends respond to this? So 12:55 say this is incredible. They quot from what does say right? So says over here, soi so says literally again my my gall my gall right the liquid from the gallbladder goes ahead and and spills out to the earth which indicates to us had a perforation in his gallbladder and 13:22 yet what was alive so what do you see from here what do you see from here that ultimately again a perforated gallbladder it doesn't make you a tra that's the would respond. You can't go ahead and bring up right don't don't don't bring miracles right the fact a person normally a perforated gallbladder would absolutely make a 13:48 person a tra but again this whole eof story again don't don't bring any ri from from miracles because if you don't agree if you don't hold of this there's a bigger problem what's the bigger problem again he says over here still from so literally Again says my kidneys my kidneys are split and no one has compassion on me. So the 14:16 a person live in that state but rather again obviously what was happening to to was a miracle. What does this mean is actually quite fascinating. So remember again this if if you look Rashi actually points this out over here when remember the whole story of which is which is such a complex and difficult to comprehend story to begin with begins 14:44 with the Satan telling that is not so righteous. The only reason he's righteous is because he has all these take away his and you'll see that he won't really have his allegiance towards you. So says to the satan you could take away whatever you want from but not his life but not his life just again you can't take away his life 15:07 so the point is making is okay so he has this gall perforated gallbladder his kidneys are split open so but yet he's still alive you can't bring though from because the whole thing was miraculous what a what a what a tremendous you can't go ahead and just simply reflect ultimately again you can't bring up miracles we'll say this is this is such a tremendous nishkite in general a 15:34 different application of it albeit not so far off about we do not rely on miracles and it's incredible that we're learning this on paras because remember again I will say the whole the reason why right remember was okay with the selling of the miraulum even though rashi points out this parish Right? Send for you and says, "Right, if 15:59 you want to send it, you send the miraculum." But yet, I thought it was a great idea. Why? Because we don't rely on miracles. Was an understanding that that when we went there was going to be a fundamental shift within the dynamic of the Jewish people. And we can no longer rely on to just provide us miraculous salvation every single time. We had to partner with God in the actualization of our 16:24 destiny. a fundamental transition and this becomes a way of life for the Jew. Do we believe that miracles could occur? Absolutely. Do we do believe that miracles do occur? Absolutely. Do we rely on miracles to occur? Absolutely not. 16:40 We do not rely on miracles from we know that he could do them. We know that he's absolutely able to perform them and he does perform them. But at the end of the day wants us to take the reigns of life. Incredible. 16:58 Okay. Now this is the remember again that's so is like the one who says what is this referring to say take a look at says so remember if the liver is totally removed it's a tra but if there is some part of the liver that remains ultimately again 17:26 it's not a traa it's not a traa So I will say so remember so now the sh is how much of the liver has to so I'll just tell you something interesting Dr. Gabi Orner who's one of our one of our online uh one of our online left me a message that how credible it is that the Gimra understood Kazala understood that the liver is a regenerative regenerative organ right one of the only regenerative or regenerative am I saying that 17:50 correctly yeah regenerative organs of the body right and again as long as you have some small part of the liver the liver has the ability to regenerate which is absolutely incredible that Kazal again generally kazal's medical under their scientific understanding is reflective of whatever the scientific understanding of the day was right that's not whenever you see medicine or science in the gimar that's not per se 18:13 uniquely Jewish ultimately again that's reflective of what they know but yet again there was this understanding about the unique properties of the liver quite incredible so the goes back to the says so now I'm sorry so the follows that for the liver how much of the liver do you need to be intact in order for the animal not to be a 18:39 deliver. What did our Mishna say? said if the liver was removed and there's no there's nothing left of the liver then it's a what can you infer from that if there was something left over how much has to be left over it sounds like sounds like any amount right any amount right in other words it doesn't say as long as there's something left over that should be enough 19:21 okay so say so here's what's interesting everyone is agreeing that if the liver is removed ultimately again the animal is is a traa and everyone is agreeing that if there's some part of the liver that's left over the animal is not a traver you need to have is it a ultimately again or is it any amount which says right 19:46 it's okay so an interesting the liver is not there as long as the liver is present not a traa how much of the liver has to be intact in order for the animal not to be a one opinion second opinion even a small even any amount this is interesting case over here if the gallbladder was perforated the so 20:14 remember again the liver and the gallbladder are right next to each other so here's an interesting case over here if you have a gallbladder perforation which we established already is a traa at least according to so again if the gallbladder is perforated that's a A what happens if the gallbladder is perforated but it's it's perforated right in the area where the gallbladder comes up against the liver. So the liver 20:36 effectively plugs up the hole. What what's what's the status over there? Sorry. It's not considered to be a because again because the hole is plugged by the liver. Okay. So now switching gears over here for just a moment to to right to foul right to to to birds. So specifically again birds have this thing called the 21:10 cork. So whereas animals have beus we'll call it have multiple stomachs. Birds also have multiple areas of digestion which we're going to get into not today as much but over the weekend. So an animal has something called the cork. Corkabun translates as gizzard. This is a secondary stomach where food is further digested. 21:31 So again, so we'll say so what happens if the cork now the cork itself has a kiss what we call an inner pouch what happens ultimately again if the cork if the cork is is is perforated the kiss but the inner pouch is totally intact what's ultimately again the animal is going to be 21:58 if ultimately again the inner what what if the inner Her pouch was perforated but the cork itself the gizzard itself is still intact. What is the soman says essentially in order for the animal to be afun and the kiss. So both the gizzard and the inner pouch both have to be perforated but if they're not both perforated the animal is 22:25 says very interesting case over here. So the esophagus the esophagus actually has means two skins. Really what it means is two layers. There's two layers to the esophagus. The outer layer is red and the inner layer is white. 22:47 So the listen to this ultimately again and if one is perforated without the other the the the animal is going to be kasher. I should say I say interestingly enough apparently in order now remember this was the big distinction between the ka and the vashet between the trachea and the esophagus trachea it could even be split up to halfway and the animal still 23:11 totally kosher with the esophagus with the vashet any amount of perforation ultimately goes ahead and renders the animal a distinction now however when it comes to esophageal perforation that is only problematic If both layers, the outer layer and the inner layer are both perforated. And again, that outer layer, that outer layer is red, the 23:35 inner layer is white. So the Gar says, so first of all, why do you have to say what is it? Why are you telling me that the outer one is red and the inner one is white? 23:51 Says, I'll tell you why. Because if you an animal you open it up and you see the opposite, right? That the outer one is white and the inner one is red. That's a okay. So say interesting case over here. So we're supposed to listen to this interesting case over. So now we've established as I saw a lot of really we're picking up just a ton of very interesting information. So you have the esophagus, two different layers of the 24:17 esophagus, outer one red, inner one white. In order for the animal to be a tra both layers have to be perforated. Now you might ask an interesting question. What happens if both layers are perforated but they're not perforated in the same spot. Right? So in in a classic case of esophageal perforation I just like the word esophageal. I'm going to find multiple ways to use it in the sentence. It's going to make it into the drussia 24:39 tomorrow also. So say so so again. So in the classic case of esophageal perforation, obviously you've just got a hole that goes straight through, right? That that's the way it works. Shil is what happens if you have both the outer layer and the inner layer perforated, but they're not perforated in the same area. So what whatever whatever you you could by where can you have well you could have a case like this in a variety of terms which we'll 25:04 discuss. But again, let's say the outer layer is is perforated a little bit higher and the inner layer is perforated a little lower. So what's interesting about this case, there is perforation on both layers, but it's not classic as they're both they're not lined up. So what what do we do in a case like that? 25:21 Very interesting case. So the says I'm sorry what is the Now remember, there's two cases that we just saw that require two layers of perforation. What were the what were the two cases? Number one, the vash the esophagus. You have to have perforation of both the outer the outer red layer and the inner white layer. And the other 25:56 case where you need dual perforation is where? By the gizzard, right? By the circubon because there you need the outer layer and the inner pouch both to be perforated as well. So this question this question of what happens if you have perforation on the inner and outer layer but they're not aligned applies to both of these cases the esophagus as well as the cork on the gizzard. So the says therefore the 26:18 answers this is very interesting. So in an esophagus in in the it's going to be kasher if the two lay if the two layers of perforation do not align up with each other that doesn't make the animal a the animal is not a traa the animal is kasher but in a cork in the gizzard ultimately again it's going to be possible it's going to be possible so if you look 26:45 at rashi for just a moment rashi says of every um he says something interesting so say this is two four six lines up from the bottom why Why is he want to listen to this? Remember again, what's the big difference between the esophagus and and the gizzard. So on a very basic level, food does not collect in the esophagus, right? It just it just goes down. It's 27:15 just a pipeway. As opposed to the gizzard ultimately again where food does collect, it remains there for some amount of time. So the say something very interesting. Therefore if you have ultimately again whatever holes you have in the circubam even if they're not aligned what's going to end up happening is the food is going to end up exiting the gizzard wherever it can wherever it can wherever there are holes. Therefore, 27:38 even if the holes are not aligned, the animal is still going to be a trapa. As opposed to the kana, as opposed to the vash, excuse me, by the esophagus, the only time really gonna run into a problem is when the two perforations are aligned. But if they're not aligned because the esophagus is just a pass through entity. Therefore, again, the the food technically speaking, would not go out into other parts of the body. 27:57 Interesting distinction. So, says just the opposite. It's very interesting. So he says I think just the opposite right. So the vash where food passes through right ultimately against it it expands and when it expands ultimately again what could happen it's possible when it expands that the two layers of perforation would align with each other. 28:30 See even though call it when when the animal is in a state of esophageal rest right so again the two perforations are not aligned when the animal is eating or moving or breathing it's possible that it expands and therefore the two poles could align okay however but the cork which is at rest right the cork is even though again say the whole of the cork the gizzard is made up of 28:56 multiple muscles which aid in digesting of the food but it's It's a stationary entity. So therefore, because of that, if the holes are in if the perforations are in two different places, they'll never align. Okay? So the say what a what a profound statement. 29:14 What a profound statement, right? Like anything else in life, if it stays in place, it'll be what it'll be in life. Again, if you if you choose ultimately again, you choose to rest, you choose to go into sleep mode, you choose not to move, one thing is clear, which is you will stay exactly where you are. 29:44 So they said the name like you. Okay. Interesting case here. So also listen to this. So let's now what do we established? We establish that any perforation any perforation I will say by the way just the I should just the conclusion of that right the conclusion ultimately again of that was like the statement of 30:11 what they that if you have a that has if you have an esophagus that is perforated in two separate areas that'll still make it into a because again it's possible for the two areas to align the two perforations to align when there is when when there is a sophageal movement. However, again in the gizzard if the two layers of perforation do not 30:34 align the animal will not be a tra. Okay, interesting. Now remember, let's go back for just a second. When it comes to the esophagus, so what happens again? If there is a perforation in the esophagus, what's right? Any amount of perforation in the esophagus ultimately makes the animal into a tra. So the so what happens if it scabs right obviously what happened over 30:57 here the animal had a perforation esophagus and the perforation scabbed over that's a if you had an injury in the vash and then it's scabbed over it's not a the scab doesn't matter essentially the scab is inconsequential inconsequential which means that what this is an animal with a perforated esophagus and the definition 31:22 or or the status of perforated esophagus is look at just a moment. Take a look three lines are from the bottom says if the esophagus was perforated even if there was a very thick scab on its ultimately again it is not going to endure. So the facts I would have thought that maybe once the scab's over 31:49 this is now an indication that the that the perforation is no longer problematic a scab on an esophageal perforation does not take away the tra status said this is very interesting. Furthermore, Rabba said the only way to inspect right after you the animal, you have to inspect the veset, right? Why do you have to, right? You have why do you have 32:13 to inspect the esophagus to make sure that it's not perforated? You cannot inspect the esophagus from the outside. You can only inspect it from inside the esophagus. Says, now by the way, why is that? Now, remember all these pieces of information are linked to each other. Why? We said how many layers does the esophagus have? 32:33 How many layers? Two layers. coloration of the two layers outside red inside white. How do you know if the esophagus is perforated? Well, the way to see it is on the white side you would see a red dot. You would see that's how you would see ultimately again esophageal perforation. Obviously, you can't see that. You can't see that on the out on 32:56 the outer layer which is red. Therefore, the only way to see if there isn't a perforation is on the inner white side. Incredible. So therefore the only way to check for esophageal perforation ultimately is I hope somebody's keeping count just the number of times I'm using the word right and there should be like an overunder on this say let's start a separate WhatsApp group hey so again the only way to check it 33:19 ultimately again is from the inside of the vash itself incredible says okay what's the over here by the way before you turn the page just look at that because the outer layer of the esophagus is red and you can't see any drop of blood. 33:41 Right? It's interesting. That's the way you would see the perforation is you would see some type of drop. You see on the inside can't see on the inside 43b suffic. So this this matters ultimately again in a case of suffici. 34:11 So again, we're going to see this case that if you have an animal that you're fear that you're fearful may have been attacked and clawed by another animal, right? And remember the issue with the clawing as we'll discuss is at least from the Mishna's perspective, let's say a wolf would often have venom, right, in its in its claws. So the concern was did something get into our other our victim animal making it a traa. So sometimes the way if let's say the animal got 34:34 clawed by the neck, the way you would want to see is you would check the vashet. So this is important. You would check the on the inside to see if there was any level of perforation. Incredible. So, let's listen to this case. Interesting case over here. So, there was this case of say Jusa is a case of an animal that we think may have been attacked and clawed by an attacking 34:58 animal. Our concern is did the animal if the if the victim animal was clawed by the aggressor animal, is there some concern that maybe some venom was injected into the victim animal? And now the victim animal ultimately again is a traa. So if we see that this happened around the neck area, what are we going to do? We're going to shack the animal. 35:19 We're going to take out the vasad. We're going to take out the esophagus. We're going to open it up and we're going to go ahead and inspect the the white interior of the esophagus to see is there any level of perforation. So tells a story how he there was this case of a sufficing esophagus from the outside. 35:52 You're the one who told us that you can only check the from the inside. So went ahead and he flipped he flipped the esophagus inside out and he checked it like that and he found on the white interior of the esophagus two droplets of large rate two small red areas and he declared the animal a trafa. So the says okay so this 36:18 is interesting. So why did Rabbi check from the outside? Why wasn't he checking from the inside? So Rabbi was like, "Oh, it's just testing you." Was just testing you, right? So he was doing we see this in very often that sometimes again you find that teachers would go ahead and just in practice set things up in a certain way to make sure the students were paying attention. So was trying to sharpen a 36:42 little bit. Okay, fine. >> [clears throat] >> interesting case. So let's say there was a thorn literally coat means let's say a thorn settled in the esophagus of the animal look at Rashi Rash's like almost right across go to the left and about five lines down. 37:11 So this is an interesting case. So in this case over here you check the animal you open up you open up the you open up the esophagus and what do you find inside the esophagus? You find a thorn. Now you don't see any perforations right? So there's no perforations and there's no red spots ultimately again on the white interior of the esophagus. 37:34 say so now what do we so what's what's intriguing about this case on one hand there's no physical evidence that there was any level of perforation but what should we be concerned about so what here's what I could be concerned about maybe maybe there was maybe the maybe the esophagus was perforated and it healed it scabbed over and I just can't see it and I will say never again 37:56 what's the status or what what's the status of an esophageal scab right doesn't work it's a trafa it doesn't mean So I I might have thought that if I find a thorn inside the esophagus that I have to assume that even though I can see a perforation, there must have been a perforation and it's scabbed over like so many times we learn if there's not a problem don't make one. Right? So 38:20 therefore again, okay, I got it. There's a thorn in there. But if I don't see any physical evidence of a perforation, I do not have to make any assumption that a perforation occurred. Incredible. So the Gimar says, suffic according to why is this case any different than a suffic remember again essentially what we have over here when you find the thorn inside inside the 38:44 esophagus is a suffic for example we have the case of safetus right the safetus case ultimately again where is a possibility that the animal was clawed by another animal yet we're machmir in that case so why is why is the case of the thorn inside the esophagus any different than southern says, "You're right. I happen to agree with you. We're not for at the end of the day will say again, there's only a 39:12 problem if you see a problem. But if there's not a problem, do not create a problem." But what about the following case say now essentially what this is very interesting because what is saying is like this even though finding a thorn inside of the esophagus should give us pause should give us pause yet says if you don't see a problem you don't see a 39:36 perforation don't you don't have to assume anything the animals totally kasher all the is trying to do with is going to raise a series of different questions that seem to indicate that in cases of safik we are mach So for example, what about the following case? What about the case of the two pieces of meat? 39:56 One is forbidden and one is again remembering what's I ate one of them and what and what and I don't know I don't know which one I ate. I don't know which one I ate. Right. You bring it. So I don't understand the same way that in this case of saf you have to make a carbon why not say that if you find the thorn inside of the veh that should be a 40:18 safer as well to which the gimra says to which the says it's different over there why is it different over there because you know that you have is there is a piece of sh over there right because there there is there is that's present and I know that I ate something I'm just not sure what I ate okay this So say what about the case ultimately 40:47 again of an animal and then after the fact you find that the knife is right the knife is damaged so what's in a case like that the animal is in so says what about that case so again that's a case of and yet again we rule it it's different there what's different say once again right in front of you you have a problem with the knife. Right now 41:12 the knife is nicked. I got it. In this case it happens to be that you checked the knife before but yet right now the knife is nicked. There's a problem right in front of us. That's different than our case. Right now there is a thorn inside of the esophagus. Do I see a problem? Do I see a problem? I don't I see a potential problem but there's no actual problem in front of me. 41:31 Therefore, it can be what about the case of say you have a takes place in a private domain. What's using this logic? You could just as easily compare it to a case of okay so we'll say just says by the way let's just leave out which we're all happy to do right let's just leave out why because 42:13 we've seen this many times on our journeys in is a unique learned out from right from we learn that any case of doubt in a private domain where it's and a public domain ultimately again is going to be so it turns out so we're not finished yet 42:37 but right now the statement of remains intact. Therefore, you open up the esophagus of the animal. You find a thorn in there. I say to myself, "Oh, that's problematic. Perhaps I should be concerned that there was a perforation, but the perforation scabbed over." Ah, but esophageal scabbing is notically relevant. It doesn't help. And maybe the animal should be a trashan says if you don't see a problem, don't 43:01 make a problem. So, there's no there's no perforation. If you don't see a perforation, there's no reason to assume that there was a perforation. Incredible. So, let's go back there. says the says so there was one of one of the rabbis was sitting in front of and he was sitting and saying the following similar what's the case of the thorn the case of the thorn is only 43:26 when you find the thorn inside of the esophagus as opposed to but if the thorn ultimately again is embedded you see you hear this distinction between nimsa nims means it's Yashv ultimately means like it's sitting there. Now, interestingly enough, what that could mean is it could be sitting there like almost like embedded without making a perforation, right? But but a 43:50 little bit more call it lodged in there. But if it's a bit more embedded, you would say, so again, when do we say the throne is not a problem? Only if you find it in there, but it's not embedded. However, again, If you find the thorn embedded, even though you can't really see a perforation, perhaps we have to be concerned that 44:15 there was a perforation and it's scabbed over. Don't listen to him. It's not true. It's not true. Even if the thorn was embedded, if you don't see a perforation, you do not have to assume that there was a perforation that scabbed over. 44:35 say in the case of nimace everyone agrees that the animal is fine. So other words say if you go ahead and you open up the esophagus and you find a thorn just kind of I don't know like in there just in there not embedded but just present there everyone agrees that's not a problem. Why says the says because ultimately because 44:59 all all freerange animals and by the way it's not just freerange animals right any any animals that graze ultimately again Rashi says any animals that are grazing in pasture they are inevitably going to what ingest thorns. So therefore again so what comes out over is something very interesting that 45:22 suggests that the case of the case of um the case of the thorn that's just sitting there everyone agrees is totally not problematic but more than that even if you find the thorn a bit embedded in the vash as long as there is no perforation you're good to go the animal and you don't have to be concerned that maybe there was a perforation that ultimately 45:46 again scabbed Incredible. So say one one last case. What is this case? Now again literally again Rashi says this is the top of the esophagus. The very top of the esophagus that ultimately again is attached to the jaw. 46:06 So calls it. So what says so now here's the shila. The shila is the shila is in that that's not usually the area where you're shing right because that's higher that's higher up on the animal. So the shila is do the if now what have we established any level of perforation in the esophagus renders the animal a traa the shila is if the perforation was that 46:30 high what we call the tarbas the area where it's attached to the jaw does that make the animal a tra or not says even any amount on there still any amount of perforation will make it a says no it's got to be the majority the majority of that area has to be perforated in order for it to be problematic says 46:52 says any amount says technically speaking you can even though the animal is not normally there you can there and therefore again it's governed by the regular says the majority that is not the proper place ultimately again for so because it's not the proper place therefore it doesn't cause any problems 47:16 what is the place ultimately again is very interesting. So is any place ultimately again where when you cut the esophagus the esophagus itself widens. We're going to see depending on where you cut the esophagus sometimes the esophagus will widen and sometimes it will contract. So if you cut it in an area where it widens, it expand expands. 47:47 That's the Torbat. That's the Torbat ultimately again that's the if you go ahead and you cut it and it kind of remains remains the same. That's what we call that's the veset atmos. So again just an interesting simmon if you if now again obviously the is just defined as the upper area of the esophagus which is juxtaposed to the jaw but now the giving us a different almost 48:14 like another sim area if you cut it and it contracts that's the if you cut it and it expands ultimately again that's the v itself. Okay we'll say we'll have to stop over here for today. What a what a d what an incredible daf. Okay, we'll continue with now, by the way, we're now finished with there's still more still more to come. Continue tomorrow. 48:39 Have a great chas everyone.
Expand transcript 7,268 words
